Sources·If—
Source · Poetry · English

If—

Author
Rudyard Kipling
Date
1910
Language
English
Country
United Kingdom
Form
Didactic poem, 32 lines in eight rhyming quatrains
First published
Rewards and Fairies, 1910 (written c. 1895)
Themes
resilience, duty, character

The source

Original · English

If you can keep your head when all about you
Are losing theirs and blaming it on you;
If you can trust yourself when all men doubt you,
But make allowance for their doubting too:
If you can wait and not be tired by waiting,
Or, being lied about, don’t deal in lies,
Or being hated, don’t give way to hating,
And yet don’t look too good, nor talk too wise;

If you can dream—and not make dreams your master;
If you can think—and not make thoughts your aim;
If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster
And treat those two impostors just the same;
If you can bear to hear the truth you’ve spoken
Twisted by knaves to make a trap for fools,
Or watch the things you gave your life to, broken,
And stoop and build’em up with worn-out tools;

If you can make one heap of all your winnings
And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss,
And lose, and start again at your beginnings
And never breathe a word about your loss;
If you can force your heart and nerve and sinew
To serve your turn long after they are gone,
And so hold on when there is nothing in you
Except the Will which says to them: ‘Hold on!’

If you can talk with crowds and keep your virtue,
Or walk with Kings—nor lose the common touch,
If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt you,
If all men count with you, but none too much;
If you can fill the unforgiving minute
With sixty seconds’ worth of distance run,
Yours is the Earth and everything that’s in it,
And—which is more—you’ll be a Man, my son!

Rudyard Kipling · written c. 1895, published 1910 in Rewards and Fairies · public domain

Commentary

Dr. Ruxandra Roux Dr. Ruxandra RouxHead of Literary Research & Development

Rudyard Kipling, written around 1895 and published in 1910. Partly inspired by the turmoil of the Jameson Raid and by figures Kipling admired during the crisis in South Africa. It is not about politics. It is a father talking to a son.

Every stanza runs on “If you can…”: stay calm when others panic, trust yourself without getting arrogant, treat triumph and disaster the same, “fill the unforgiving minute / With sixty seconds' worth of distance run”. The prize at the end is not wealth. It is “you'll be a Man, my son!”, capital M, an ideal of self-control and endurance that carries its century's idea of masculinity, including the idea that strength means hiding fear. That tension is part of the poem. It is also a very long list of conditions. Almost nobody meets all of them, and the poem knows it.